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The Ledger

Ashur International Bank for Investment

This page sets out what the record shows about Ashur International Bank for Investment. It names the owners and managers, gives the dollars the bank bought from the Central Bank in the years whose records survive, lists the requests that the Central Bank refused and describes the action that regulators took against the bank.

مصرف آشور الدولي للاستثمار

$7.6bn
bought from the Central Bank from 2012 to 2020, in the records that survive. This is a minimum.
Tier A
$854.8m
asked for but refused by the Central Bank's committee from January 2013 to February 2015
Tier A
$306.7m
the value of the gap between the official and the market price on the dollars it bought, which went to whoever received the dollars
Tier B

Name, licence and status

Name in English
Ashur International Bank for Investment
Name in Arabic
مصرف آشور الدولي للاستثمار
Type
Private commercial bank
Iraq Stock Exchange ticker
BASH
Established
25 April 2005
Licence
No. 2627/3/9 of 22 September 2005
Regulatory measures
Barred from dollar dealing by the Central Bank (January 2024)
Securities Commission page
Iraq Securities Commissionisc.gov.iq

Ownership

The corporate holder in the record is شركة مصرف الرافدين with 13%.

Owners and managers

Being listed here records an ownership stake or a post at the bank. It is not an allegation. Next to each name is the exact legal status. Where the encyclopedia holds a record of the name, the status comes from that record. Otherwise it reads “Not charged as of the date of writing”.
Owners and managers
NameRoleShareAs ofLegal statusSource
Chairman
Not statedNot statedNot charged as of the date of writingIraq Stock ExchangeIraq Securities CommissionCentral Bank of Iraq[1][2]
نور نوري الحنظل
Board member
Not stated
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
سلوان حافظ حميد
Board member
Not stated
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
بكر إبراهيم محمود
Board member
Not stated
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
طارق علي جاسم
Board member
Not stated
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
زياد عبدالرزاق سليم
Board member
Not stated
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
هناء علي حسين
Board member
Not stated
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
مصرف الرافدين(company)
Shareholder
13.28%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
شركة مصرف الرافدين(company)
Shareholder
13%
Not statedNot charged as of the date of writingIraq Stock ExchangeIraq Securities CommissionCentral Bank of Iraq[1][2]
وديع نوري الحنظل
Shareholder
9.99%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
سما الهدى للتجارة و المقاولات العامة
Shareholder
9.99%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
حردان نوري الحنظل
Shareholder
9.60%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
نور نوري الحنظل
Shareholder
9.02%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
محمد نوري الحنظل
Shareholder
9.01%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
ودود نوري الحنظل
Shareholder
8.57%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
عمر وديع نوري
Shareholder
8.0394%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info
اية وديع نوري
Shareholder
7.90%
16 June 2025
Not charged as of the date of writingmubasher.info

Dollars bought from the Central Bank

Dollars bought from the Central Bank, by year

In billions of dollars. Verified rows of the Central Bank's daily records.

Source: Central Bank of Iraq, daily records of the dollar sale, compiled from the verified rowsTier A
Dollars bought from the Central Bank
YearDollars boughtCashTransfers abroadShare of the year's named salesRefusedValue of the price gap
2012$12.1m$75,000$12m4.5%Not stated$211,312
2013$1.3bn$455m$893m2.9%$305.9m$55.8m
2014$2.2bn$943m$1.3bn6.3%$432.8m$46m
2015$1.7bn$353.5m$1.4bn5.4%$102.7m$81m
2016$1.3bn$349.5m$925.4m4.8%Not stated$87.1m
2017$825.3m$330.9m$494.4m4.2%Not stated$35.4m
2018$6m$0$6m3.8%Not stated$190,399
2019$195.2m$1.2m$194m1.7%Not stated$921,610
2020$4.6m$30,000$4.6m2.5%Not stated$150,569
Total$7.6bn$2.4bn$5.2bn$841.3m$306.7m
Source: Central Bank of Iraq, daily records of the dollar sale, compiled from the verified rowsTier A
Source: the price gap is our calculation from the Central Bank's price and the market priceTier B

Share of the year's named sales: the bank's part of all the dollars that the surviving records attribute to a named bank in that year.

Refused: the requests that the Central Bank's committee turned down. Its minutes survive only from January 2013 to February 2015. An empty cell means that no minutes survive for that year. The yearly figures come from the yearly ledger. The figure at the top of the page comes from the committee's minutes. The two can differ.

What the Central Bank refused

From January 2013 to February 2015 the Central Bank's committee recorded, day by day, which requests for dollars it turned down and why. Its minutes record 154 occasions on which the committee refused all or part of a request by this bank. On those occasions the bank asked for $2.6 billion, and $854.8 million of it was refused.

The largest refusals

The largest refusals
DateAsked forRefusedThe reason, as the committee wrote itCategory
2 June 2014$36.4m$36.4mسبب الاستبعاد عسب طلب المصرف بكتابه المرقم م ا/اد 1440 في 2014/6/3Penalty on, or suspension of, the bank; At the bank's request
26 February 2014$27.9m$27.9mسبب الاستبع وشراء العملة الاجنبيةOther
9 December 2013$25.1m$25.1mسهب الامنتهعا عم كالنية الرميد البادي في حب المصرفOther
9 February 2015$23.2m$18.7mاستبعاد جزء من المحوالة لاغراض تدائيقيةHeld for audit
29 May 2014$31.6m$18.4mسهب الاستيعاد 18,430,000 يسته ت !1ر3) تؤول فى ثوقت الخاضر لوجوه مشاريات متقاوOther
date unreadable$18.4m$18.4mسبب الاستبعاد إيستبعد ,!يوجل في الوقت الحاضر) لاغراض تدقيقيةHeld for audit; Timing or procedure
3 March 2014$24.7m$17.4mسبب الاستبعة ,ت1)منفلا اجتزة الاستيراد و,ت2) المخراض تقهقيةOther
28 January 2014$17.4m$17.4mسهب الاستنعار لا غراض تدايقيةHeld for audit
3 February 2014$29.9m$17.2mسبب الاستبعةOther
10 December 2013$17.1m$17.1mNot statedNot stated or unreadable
date unreadable$17m$17mسهب الاستبعة الميلغ الستبعد (ت1) لالتهاء كاريخ لفاذ الفاتورة و,ت2) ايراض تدقيقيةHeld for audit
18 May 2014$15.8m$15.8m15,818,000 لاغراض تدقيقيةHeld for audit

Each reason is quoted in Arabic, in the committee's words. Where a reason is marked “punctuation adjusted”, only its punctuation was changed. The category is ours.

Source: Central Bank of Iraq, daily minutes of the committee that ran the dollar sale, from January 2013 to February 2015Tier A

All the refusals, day by day

Enforcement actions

  1. 29 January 2024Central Bank of Iraq
    Barred from the currency window and from dealing in dollars

    Against: Investment Bank of Iraq; Union Bank of Iraq; Kurdistan International Islamic Bank; Ashur International Bank; Al-Huda Bank; Al-Janoob Islamic Bank; Al-Arabiya Islamic Bank; Hammurabi Commercial Bank

    The Central Bank's list gives 29 January 2024 as the date for all 8 banks. Reuters reported the ban on 4 February 2024.

    Current position: Investment Bank of Iraq, Kurdistan International Islamic, Al-Janoob, Al-Arabiya named (anonymous Central Bank source) among seven banks cleared July 2026 to return to non-dollar correspondent channels

    Original

Sources

The documents behind this page, with the words quoted from each.
  1. Iraq Stock ExchangeAccessed 25 September 2026Tier B
    ISX company profiles (companyprofile.html) for 49 listed banks: establishing date, listing date, capital, managing director
    e.g. BHAM مصرف حمورابي: تاريخ التأسيس 26/08/2020؛ تاريخ الإدراج 04/08/2024 | BTRI مصرف عبر العراق للاستثمار: تاريخ التأسيس 21/05/2006 | BLAD مصرف العطاء الاسلامي: تاريخ التأسيس 06/07/2006 | BBAY مصرف بابل: المدير المفوض احمد عباس احمد / الوصي
  2. Iraq Securities CommissionAccessed 25 September 2026 (the page does not show the dates of disclosure)Tier B
    Iraq Securities Commission (هيأة الأوراق المالية) listed-company pages: 'النسب المؤثرة' (significant shareholdings) and 'أعضاء مجلس الإدارة' (board) for banks
    مصرف الاتحاد العراقي ... النسب المؤثرة: 1 عقيل مفتن خفيف البيضاني 13% ... 3 محمد مفتن خفيف البيضاني 13% | أعضاء مجلس الإدارة: عبد الكريم ابراهيم علي رئيس مجلس الادارة ...

    Translation: Union Bank of Iraq ... Significant holdings: Aqeel Meften Khafeef al-Baidhani 13%; Mohammed Meften Khafeef al-Baidhani 13% | Board: Abdul Kareem Ibrahim Ali, chairman ...

  3. Central Bank of IraqAccessed 25 September 2026Tier B
    المصارف الاهلية المحلية (Private local banks: licence numbers/dates, managers, status marks)
    الأقليم التجاري للاستثمار والتمويل ( اميرالد سابقا ) ... 408/3/9 2007/3/1 | الهدى ( ممنوع من التعامل بالدولار ) ... 136/3/9 2008/1/14 | مصرف بابل ( تصفية ) ( ممنوع من التعامل بالدولار ) ... المصفي، د.أحمد عباس أحمد | دار السلام للأستثمار ( حراسة قضائية ) | الشمال للتمويل والاستثمار ( وصاية ) | الطيف الإسلامي للإستثمار… Read the rest والتمويل ( وصاية )( ممنوع من التعامل بالدولار ) | المال الإسلامي للإستثمار ( ممنوع من التعامل بالدولار ) ... 845/3/9 في 2018/12/9
    (punctuation adjusted)

    Translation: Region Trade Bank for Investment & Finance (formerly Emerald) ... licence 408/3/9 of 1 Mar 2007 | Al-Huda (barred from USD dealing) ... licence 136/3/9 of 14 Jan 2008 | Babylon Bank (liquidation) (barred from USD) ... liquidator Dr Ahmed Abbas Ahmed | Dar Es Salaam (judicial receivership) | North Bank (guardianship) | Al-Taif Islamic (guardianship)(barred from USD) | Al-Mal Islamic (barred from USD) ... licence 845/3/9 of 9 Dec 2018

    Original
  4. Central Bank of Iraq23 October 2025Tier A
    النشرة الإحصائية السنوية / Annual Statistical Bulletin (2024 data; PDF created 23 Oct 2025), banks' establishment year, total assets, paid-up capital (pages 116 to 117) and ISX listing table (p.113)
    Region Trade Bank for Investment 2007 1,051,981 300,000 مصرف الاقليم التجاري( اميرالد) | AL-Huda Bank 2008 412,604 250,000 | Erbil Bank 2010 | International Development Bank 2011 | Hammurabi Commercial Bank 2020 | Ur Islamic Bank 2018 334,815 250,000
    Original