Qi Card: Pension Fund and Rafidain Bank money lent through Qi Card, IQD 5.91 trillion to about 847,000 borrowers (from 2017 to 2021)
In November 2017 Rafidain Bank, the State Employees' Pension Fund and International Smart Card (Qi Card) agreed to lend to state employees and pensioners through Qi Card's card system. A Finance Ministry audit committee (report of 8 February 2021, its recommendations ratified by the Minister) found that by January 2021 about IQD 5.91 trillion had been lent to about 847,000 borrowers from two portfolios, one financed with IQD 2.25 trillion of the Pension Fund's money and the other with Rafidain's own funds. It recorded as violations that the portfolios were opened and fed without the bank board's approval and with no agreement fixing the bank's and the company's rights and duties, that the Fund's Director General signed no financing contract, that IQD 500 billion was withdrawn from the pension portfolio in October 2020 without the Fund board's approval, and that IQD 120.25 billion of interest due to the Fund sat in a Rafidain suspense account. Arrears stood at about IQD 94.9 billion. The Federal Board of Supreme Audit (letter and report of 20 April 2021) found that the commissions were shared with the company although it invested nothing, that about IQD 8 billion of insurance premiums owed to the state insurer had not been paid, and that IQD 2.08 billion went to a private Erbil insurer by cheques made out to a company employee. These are administrative audit findings, not court judgments; the audit bodies' papers came to light in the file of Committee 29, whose founding order the Federal Supreme Court later annulled. The press reported in July 2021 that a Karkh anti-corruption court sentenced the company's founder and two others to three years for embezzlement.
- Period
- From November 2017 to February 2021
- Sector
- BankingState bank lending and pension funds
- Kind of case
- Official audit findings (administrative), with related convictions reported in the press
- Jurisdiction
- Iraq
How the money moved, according to the sources
Salary and pension advances and loans issued through Qi Card's card system from two Rafidain Bank portfolios, one funded with the State Employees' Pension Fund's money; the company shared the returns (about 44% according to the Board of Supreme Audit) although it invested nothing in the portfolio.
What happened
The audit committee's recommendations were ratified by the Finance Minister (February 2021). The Board of Supreme Audit recorded that the company's answers to its observations were insufficient (April 2021). The press reported that the Karkh anti-corruption criminal court sentenced three people to three years for embezzlement (8 July 2021). Committee 29's letter of 29 November 2021 says the founder's bribery sentences were upheld by the Federal Court of Cassation; it attaches no judgment.
Open questions
- The court judgments behind the reported sentences; whether the IQD 500bn and the IQD 120.25bn were returned to the Fund (the press reports an Integrity Commission statement of January 2023 on IQD 1.158 trillion returned, not yet read at source); the audit committee's unreconciled figures.
People and companies
| Name | Role in the case | Legal status | Detail | As of |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afrah Mohammed Abd Ali افراح محمد عبد علي | Director General of Rafidain Bank (2020) | Convicted (reported) | As Rafidain Bank's Director General, signed the minutes of 14 January 2020 with Qi Card that launched instant electronic advances. The Finance Ministry's audit committee (8 February 2021) recorded as violations that this was done without the bank board's approval, that the minutes set no interest, commissions or duties, and that the bank bore the IQD 50 billion cost of testing the company's system; the Board of Supreme Audit (20 April 2021) also names the Director General on the instant-advances portfolio. Alsumaria reported on 8 July 2021 that the Karkh anti-corruption criminal court sentenced three people, among them Afrah Mohammed Abd Ali, to three years' rigorous imprisonment for embezzlement (Penal Code art. 316). | 1 October 2026 |
| Walaa Abdul Jawad Hussain ولاء عبد الجواد حسين | Head of Rafidain Bank's card-accounts division | Convicted (reported) | The Finance Ministry's audit committee (8 February 2021) records IQD 120.25 billion of interest due to the Pension Fund held in Rafidain's suspense account 2617 under this person, as head of the card-accounts division, which the Fund was not told about; the committee could not verify the sums for lack of primary records, and states no wrongdoing by the account holder. Alsumaria reported on 8 July 2021 that the Karkh anti-corruption criminal court sentenced three people, among them 'Walaa Abdul Jawad Hussein', to three years' rigorous imprisonment for embezzlement (Penal Code art. 316). | 1 October 2026 |
| Bahaa Abdul Hussein بهاء عبد الحسين عبد الهادي | Founder and former managing director of International Smart Card (Qi Card) | Convicted (reported) | Signed, as Qi Card's managing director, the portfolio agreement of 8 November 2017, the 2017 to 2018 insurance policies and the minutes of 14 January 2020 (Finance Ministry audit committee, 8 February 2021). Committee 29's letter of 29 November 2021 calls him convicted and says his sentences for bribing the head of the National Retirement Authority were upheld by the Federal Court of Cassation; it attaches no judgment. Alsumaria reported on 8 July 2021 a three-year sentence for embezzlement with two others. | 1 October 2026 |
| Khawla Talib Jabbar خولة طالب جبار | Director General of Rafidain Bank (from at least November 2017 to 2019) | Accused by an official body | As Rafidain Bank's Director General, signed the portfolio agreement of 8 November 2017 and approved opening the Rafidain portfolio (18 July 2018). The Finance Ministry's audit committee (report of 8 February 2021, recommendations ratified by the Minister) recorded as violations that the Director General opened and fed the portfolio without the bank board's approval, far above the Director General's credit authority of IQD 250 million; that there was no agreement fixing the bank's and the company's rights and duties; that IQD 100 billion was taken from the pension portfolio's repayments in 2019 without the Fund's consent and returned without interest; and that the Director General deducted IQD 13.17 billion from Qi Card's profit account at the bank. The Board of Supreme Audit (20 April 2021) also names the Director General as approving the re-lent instalments portfolio. These are administrative audit findings; no charge is recorded. Not charged as of the date of writing. | 1 October 2026 |
| Hussein Ali Mohaisen حسين علي محيسن | Rafidain Bank credit-department director (2018), later Director General | Accused by an official body | Wrote, as Rafidain's credit-department director, the memo of 24 July 2018 that opened the Rafidain portfolio with IQD 100 billion. As Director General, approved on 30 December 2020 moving IQD 13.17 billion from Qi Card's accounts back to the bank; the Finance Ministry's audit committee (8 February 2021) records that this was done although a court order seizing the company's funds had been issued. These are administrative audit findings; no charge is recorded. Not charged as of the date of writing. | 1 October 2026 |
| Ahmed Abdul Jalil Hussain احمد عبد الجليل حسين | Director General of the State Employees' Pension Fund and National Retirement Authority (from 2017 to 2019) | Accused by an official body | The Finance Ministry's audit committee (8 February 2021) recorded as violations that the Fund's Director General signed no financing contract with Rafidain Bank fixing the sums invested, the interest and the repayment terms; signed the minutes of 8 November 2017 before the Fund's board approved the portfolio (15 November 2017); and released IQD 250 billion from the Fund's Rasheed Bank account on 14 May 2019, before the board approved a higher ceiling. The Board of Supreme Audit (20 April 2021) also records the IQD 250 billion transfer before board approval. A judicial source quoted by the Iraqi News Agency (24 January 2021) called 'Ahmed Abdul Jalil, former head of the National Retirement Authority' the accused whom Qi Card's founder was sentenced for bribing; no charge or ruling against this person is on record. Not charged as of the date of writing. | 1 October 2026 |
| Iyad Mahmoud Hadi اياد محمود هادي | Director General of the National Retirement Authority (2020) | Accused by an official body | Signed the Fund's letter 3072 of 5 October 2020, under which IQD 500 billion was withdrawn from the money invested in the pension portfolio at Rafidain Bank. The Finance Ministry's audit committee (8 February 2021) records that the withdrawal was made without the Fund board's approval; the Board of Supreme Audit confirms the withdrawal. These are administrative audit findings; no charge is recorded. Not charged as of the date of writing. | 1 October 2026 |
| International Smart Card (Qi Card) الشركة العالمية للبطاقة الذكية (كي كارد) | Payment company that issued the loans and advances through its card system | Accused by an official body | Named in official findings: the Finance Ministry's audit committee (8 February 2021) found no board approvals or agreement fixing rights and duties and no reconciliation of the bank's and the company's accounts; the Board of Supreme Audit (20 April 2021) found that the company shared the returns although it invested nothing, left about IQD 8 billion of premiums unpaid to the state insurer, paid IQD 2.08 billion to a private Erbil insurer by cheques in an employee's name, and gave insufficient answers to its observations. No conviction of the company is recorded; the reported convictions are of individuals. | 1 October 2026 |
Sources
- Ministry of Finance: audit committee formed by ministerial order 27000/2781 of 27 December 2020 (recommendations ratified by the Minister)8 February 2021Audit reportTier A
Report on the Pension Fund and Rafidain Bank portfolios lent through International Smart Card (Qi Card)
قام مصرف الرافدين بإنشاء محفظتين الاولى خاصة بصندوق تقاعد موظفي الدولة تمول من أموال الصندوق ... لا يوجد أي اتفاق بين المصرف والشركة العالمية للبطاقة الذكية يحدد حقوق والتزامات الطرفين
- Federal Board of Supreme Audit (FBSA)20 April 2021Audit reportTier A
Letter of 20 April 2021 and audit report on the Qi Card loan portfolios, with follow-up letters (2019 to April 2021)
قيام رئيس هيأة التقاعد الوطنية بتحويل مبلغ (250) مليار دينار (مائتين وخمسين مليار دينار) قبل استحصال موافقة مجلس إدارة الصندوق [partly illegible in the document]
- Committee of Diwani Order 29 of 2020 (Prime Minister's Office)29 November 2021Government statementTier A
Letter of 29 November 2021 to the Central Bank Governor's Office on International Smart Card (Qi Card)
صدرت أحكام قضائية بحق المدير المفوض السابق للشركة العالمية للبطاقة الذكية المحكوم (بهاء عبد الحسين عبد الهادي) وصدقت الأحكام من قبل محكمة التمييز الاتحادية
Related cases
- Qi Card / International Smart Card: IQD 231bn of duplicated pension payments for retirees abroad recovered (from 2017 to 2022)
- Committee 29 ("Abu Ragheef committee"): PM Kadhimi's special anti-corruption committee (from 2020 to 2022)
- Card-based dollar arbitrage: Iraqi prepaid and debit cards on the Visa and Mastercard networks (from 2023 to 2025)
- "Theft of the Century": about IQD 3.8 trillion (about $2.5bn) withdrawn from the General Commission for Taxes trust deposits at Rafidain Bank (from 2021 to 2022)